The Representation of Race in Mass-Media

Race as a talk, has risen up out of society romanticizing the possibility of organic and mental contrasts existing between different ethnic gatherings. To appreciate and break down the marvel of this racial issue, one must have a total comprehension of how culture and character work connected at the hip inside our general public. By controlling a large portion of the social foundations, for example, mass correspondence, legislative issues and enterprises; the prevailing society deliberately overwhelms and misuses the ethnic minority gatherings, so as to build up its own social character. One such foundation is broad communications an industry that not just generally abuses ethnic minority gatherings, for example, African-Americans, yet in addition decreases their cultural status to that of a peon using cliché portrayals. Since, it is controlled dominatingly by the white liberal elites-a dictatorial, monetarily determined association, whose principle objective is to ensure the uprightness of white culture; broad communications industry is in this manner, compelled to dismiss every ethical show, so as to introduce ethnic minorities as opponents. The thoughts of Henry Louis Gates Jr. what's more, Stuart Hall precisely speak to the exceptionally old exploitative and harsh nature of broad communications an industry that has unendingly utilized racialized talk and bigot articulations against ethnic minorities, for example, African-Americans, so as to depict them as subordinate. Stuart Hall, a social scholar and humanist from the United Kingdom, recommends that humankind ought to just investigation the topic of culture, yet in addition see it as an essential wellspring of social connections (Proctor 16). Since culture is a site of a continuous battle of intensity between various ethnic gatherings, Hall is recommending that, one should just examination it with the mentality of uncovering every single one its negative results on humankind. As per Hall, in American culture, the broad communications industry is one of the primary reasons why such a force battle keeps on existing inside our general public. He portrays broad communications as an industry that not just creates and impacts the convictions of humankind, yet in addition produces â€Å"representations of the social world, pictures, portrayals, clarifications, and edges for seeing how the world is and why it fills in as it is said and appeared to work† (Hall, â€Å"The Whites† 19). Since the very beginning, race has assumed an imperative job in the change of human awareness. Along these lines, as long as this thought exists in our general public, broad communications will keep on abusing it for budgetary benefits. During the eighteenth-century, racial generalizing was so across the board in the United States that any artist could get a pen and draw minorities dependent on the two subjects of their absence of culture and inborn apathy (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 249). These caricaturists and sketch artists debased the African-American people group by overstating their physical attributes: huge noses, crimped hair, wide faces, dull appearance, thick lips and hips, and so forth (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 249). Lobby portrays such a type of ethnic segregation as a â€Å"racialized system of representation†, a wonder that keeps on existing, even in the twenty-first century (Hall, â€Å"The Whites† 26). From the beginning of time, African-Americans have consistently been introduced as a race that is adolescent, one-dimensional, and covetous for cash and sex, and culprits of viciousness and wrongdoing (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 272). The lopsided appropriation of intensity in American culture has permitted the white populace to describe the lives of African-Americans as second rate, a generalization that has been solidified in reality. Mainstream portrayals of racial generalizations against African-Americans can be analyzed in the American film of the mid-twentieth-century. Donald Bogle’s 1973 basic investigation named, Toms, Coons, Mulattos, Mammies, And Bucks: an interpretive history of blacks in African movies dissected the five fundamental generalizations that were predominant in Hollywood movies of the fifties and sixties: Toms-the great Negros, who were consistently â€Å"chased, hassled, bothered, lashed, subjugated, and insulted† (Bogle 6). Coons-a dark youngster who was â€Å"unreliable, insane, sluggish, subhuman animals garbage than eating watermelons, taking chickens, shooting poo, or butchering the English language† (Bogle 7). The Tragic Mulatto-a lighter looking, blended race lady, with whom the watchers identified, on the grounds that she was rejected section into the white network in view of her â€Å"tainted† blood (Bogle 9). Mammies-the dominating dark female worker who was enormous, noisy, bossy, corpulent and independent (Bogle 9). At long last the Bad Bucks-truly solid characters, who were consistently â€Å"big, badddd niggers, over-sexed and savage, rough and excited as they desire for white flesh† (Bogle 10). As indicated by Hall, the full length film that brought forth such African-American attributes was David Llewelyn Griffith’s The Birth of a Nation, discharged in 1915 (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 271). The quiet film incited extraordinary debate, in light of the fact that in addition to the fact that it promoted racial domination, yet in addition delineate the Ku Klux Klan emphatically as legends a mystery white society that was bound to lead humankind to salvation. Griffith, a firm devotee to hostile to miscegenation laws and racial domination, depicted the African-Americans as negative characters who were a danger to white honesty; subsequently they must be disposed of. In this manner, as the film illustrates, racial oppression is maintained, and the great (whites) triumphs over wickedness (blacks) when the Ku Klux Klan genuinely ambush the African-Americans, torch their homes and lynch them in broad daylight (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 252). Karl Heinrich Marx, a prestigious German logician, political scholar and humanist contends that society is involved two classes: the misused and the exploiters (Balkaran 1). He recommends that in some random society, one class will in the long run vanquish the other and endeavor it from there on, through any methods fundamental (Balkaran 1). Glancing back at the American culture of the nineteenth-century, it is clear that there was a presence of such class framework, one in which the white populace overwhelmed the African-Americans, and constrained them to be slaves (Balkaran 1). Indeed, even in present day, such a type of abuse can be found in the racial generalizing of ethnic minority gatherings. As per Stuart Hall, the lopsided circulation of intensity between the abused and the exploiters can prompt monetary profiteering, yet additionally physical savagery (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 259). This force has such a solid impact, that it can permit one to speak to the next in any structure alluring: positive or negative. Corridor depicts such a type of generalization as a â€Å"racialized system of representation†, a wonder that has adversely affected the lives of African-Americans for a considerable length of time (Hall, â€Å"The Whites† 26). In the eighteenth-century, American culture conceded an unprecedented capacity to the white populace the authority over African-Americans; driving them to be slaves, impeding their prosperity and limiting them to lives to subjection. The white proprietors overwhelmed the dark male slaves truly and sincerely by representing them as a sex, which didn't have the apacity to possess land or give sufficiently to their families (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 262). Because of the refusal of these male properties, dark slaves were depicted to the remainder of the world as teenagers, who could neither one of the takes care of themselves or their families-a generalization that is forestall, even in present day. Such generalizations are just a reference to what in particular has been conceptualized in dream by the ones who hold a large portion of the force (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 262). By speaking to the African-American slaves as lethargic and clumsy, the elites are undermining the psyches of and impression of the overall population. For Hall, racial generalizations just present one-portion of the story, the other half is the place the more profound significance lies (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 263). What he is alluding to is the idea of a solitary racial generalization prompting two unique and free human observations. This thought of a two sided connotation existing in a solitary generalization can be inspected in Antoine Fuqua’s 2001 movie Training Day. In the film, at whatever point Denzel Washington’s character, Detective Alonzo Harris acts ‘macho’, he contrarily depicts the African-American people group as culprits of viciousness, notwithstanding advancing the cliché dark honest conduct. In any case, as per Hall’s thought of an understood importance existing in each generalization, one can see that the ‘macho’ conduct is approving a considerably more upsetting and convoluted white dream that African-Americans are in reality forceful, preferable supplied over their white partners, over-sexed and superspade (Hall, â€Å"Representation† 263). Henry Louis Gates Junior, a smooth pundit on issues of multiculturalism and prejudice contends that the immediate connection among's race and bigotry can be contested. He is proposing that oppression ethnic gatherings is connected more to the wonder of intensity relations than any organic absorption (Daley 1). He accepts that the thought of race is just a manufacture, one with no genuine reason except for formal conversations, in light of the fact that: ‘races', set forth plainly, don't exist, and to guarantee that they do, for whatever confused explanation, is to remain on risky ground†¦ For, in the event that we accept that races exist as things, as classes of being as of now ‘there,' we can't get away from the threat of generalizi

What Race and Ethnicity Means Free Essays

It appears as though a few people despite everything need to isolate us relying upon the shade of our skin. Being that there’s such huge numbers of races blending, there’s nothing of the sort as an unadulterated race. Race is by all accounts irrelevant to me. We will compose a custom article test on What Race and Ethnicity Means or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Ethnicity is a word that I like and appreciate when talking about culture. Ethnicity makes me consider everybody’s battle going back from their progenitors to the present. Where did your progenitors start? Where did you originate from? Ethnicity is ones foundation and social differences.For model since I am viewed as dark doesn’t imply that I am from Africa; which implies that I will be viewed as an African American. I thought for a considerable length of time that I was an African American till an African man that I was companions with separated it to me and gave me some information to peruse. He is viewed as an African American in light of the fact that he’s from Africa and now lives in America. I am viewed as a dark American in light of the fact that I’m from America. This is unusual being that my precursors were American Indians.Your ethnicity is the gathering that others place you. I do have my sincere belief on the entirety of this and why America despite everything attempts to distinguish us by race. Since my sentiment was asked I wanted to come clean on how I feel. Race and ethnicity are significant in America since certain individuals in the administration despite everything makes progress toward division and don’t need us to meet up as one. It appears as though the legislature gets all the more impressive when we separate ourselves from one another. On the off chance that we as a whole were to met up I feel as though they would think about us as a danger. Step by step instructions to refer to What Race and Ethnicity Means, Papers

THEORIES OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP AND (B) POWER & INFLUENCE Case Study

Speculations OF EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP AND (B) POWER and INFLUENCE - Case Study Example They are included on improving the presentation of the gathering individuals just as spotlight on every person to accomplish his/her latent capacity (Yukl, 2007). It is a typical recognition that pioneers need to manufacture and keep up solid associations with devotees, colleagues and subordinates. As such, relationship initiative moves pioneers to instill in themselves these administration characteristics (Northouse, 2009). Pioneers with this style of initiative have high good and moral principles which assemble trust and credibility among his/her gathering individuals (Northouse, 2009). Without the obligation of trust and guidelines, the pioneers may be detested by his/her supporters making their influential position brief. A fruitful connection is one that can make and look after trust. As per Northouse (2009) connection among pioneers and devotees must be found on trust or, in all likelihood a pioneer will be ineffective. To manufacture trust, it is critical to begin with credibi lity. Being true with adherents permits them to view their pioneer with motivation. Counterfeit personas can be embraced rapidly however will likewise be effectively gotten by others and neglect to make legitimacy and construct trust (Yukl, 2007).

How To Write An Essay General Tips - .com

Essays are arguably the most common form of assignmentin college, and even in graduate studies, because it allows professors to gauge their students understanding of a topic, yet many students do not know how to write an effective essay. Sometimes, however, students struggle not with understanding the topic, but by constructing a great essay. If you are having difficulties writing essays, youre not alone. Writing an essay can be overwhelming, but a simple formula can make it easier. Here are the steps on how to write an essay.Research!A little reading outside of class materials never hurt, and its an essential part of the research process. A simple Google searchor if you want to take it up a notch, dip into Google Scholarcould give you a broader perspective on your topic. Be careful with unreliable sources and information overload. Take down notes of important ideas, viewpoints, and quotes, but be critical of what you will include. A good amount of information from reliable sources c an help you develop your essay, but too much of it or having incorrect information could danger the credibility of your paper. Remember that your research should shed light on what stance you will take and on which direction your paper will go.Outline your ideasOnce you have a good grasp of your topic, you can start organizing your ideas. Your outline will give you an idea on how to write your essay. This will ensure that your essay stays focused in the right direction. Your outline is the skeleton of your essay, so it should contain the main ideas you will tackle, including your thesis statement. Your outline should follow three main parts: the introduction, where you introduce your topic and your thesis statement; the main body, where you explore your main arguments; and, the conclusion, where you recap your main points and reiterate your stance.WriteAt this point, writing your essay is basically just filling out the outline you have prepared, and expanding and exploring the ideas you wrote down. This is also the time to utilize the notes you made earlier. Use them to strengthen and support your arguments. Dont worry too much about perfecting your grammar and organization yet. This is your first draft, so let your ideas and creative juices flow. Make sure that you follow the outline you prepared. You can return to your essay later and check its grammar, sentence structure, organization, and coherence. Check also if you were able to meet the requirements of your professor. Dont forget to cite your sources!Revise and proofreadTake some time away from your writing. If you try to revise or proofread your paper right after writing it, chances are you will still not spot your errors. Asking a friend or your mentor to give feedback on your essay would also be a great idea. A fresh set of eyes will always benefit your essay as they can see not just the grammatical errors but also flaws in your arguments. This will not only help you strengthen your essay and its argu ments, but also improve your writing skills in the long run. Now that you know the steps on how to write an essay, writing one should be easy. Remember that this is a skill that takes time to master. If you find yourself stuck while writing your essay, you can always ask for some help from professionals.Essay writing service for studentsWe at are aware that excellence in essay writing does not determine the kind of student you are. Nor your decision to seek academic help for a custom essay or a custom research paper. It needs to be repeated that not all students are gifted writers, for writing does not only require time and energy, it is an acquired skill, developed and honed through years. If you are not a talented writer, there is no point in squeezing your brain just to satisfy only a part of the academics; school does not revolve exclusively on writing. Leave the writing to us so you can focus on other more important aspects of your studies. Let us know how we can help you if y oure yet to reach a decision.

The Theory System Of The Term Self Extended - 3221 Words

1. Introduction This article will firstly generalize the concept and the theory system of the term ‘self extended’. Then how it influence the consumers would be analyzed by comparing behavior learning theory, motivation and involvement, together with value, attitude and personality. Finally, 4 advertisement representing 4 levels would be given. 2. Concept of Extended Self Briefly speaking, the concept of ‘extended self’ is the relationship between possession and sense of self. According to the opinions of Tuan(1980), ‘our fragile sense of self needs support, and this we get by having and possessing thing because, to a large degree, we are what we have and possess’ , people would commonly have the tendency to expand their sense of self to what they have, as these things are innate parts of their bodies. Such theory may be the most important and fundamental part to the consumer behavior researches and details of its structure are as followed. In the first section of the journal, Belk proves that possessions are important to sense of self by offering various evidences. First of all, the limited research of possessions in self-perception shows that possessions follow body part and mind in their centrality to self . In terms of the concept ‘extended self’, possessions include not only exter nal objects and personal possessions but also persons, places, group possessions as well as body parts and vital organ. According to McClelland(1951), those objects could be seen asShow MoreRelatedHumanistic And Experiential And Emotionally Focused Theories793 Words   |  4 PagesHumanistic/Experiential and Emotionally-Focused Theories Valencia W. Wright Marriage, Couple, and Family Therapy HUMN – 6356 – 3 Dr. Emmett Roberts Walden University March 20, 2016 Humanistic Theory is the main focus on self, which transcends into â€Å"you† and â€Å"your†, then it will be about your experiences. 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In chapter two, she draws to a more scientific discipline of the autonomic nervous system, which produces emotions. Becker states how emotions are formed chemically. She further talks about howRead MoreInfancy and Early Childhood1106 Words   |  5 Pageseffect on childhood development. According to Perry et al. (1996) Holding, gazing, smiling, kissing, singing and laughing all cause specific neurochemical activities in the brain. These neurochemical activities lead to normal organization of the brain systems, which are responsible for attachment. Problems with bonding and attachment can lead to a fragile biological and emotional foundation for future relationships. Neglect and bonding are particularly important focuses of attention for three reasons

The Terror Of Osama Bin Laden - 1292 Words

The terrorists’ attacks on September 11, 2001 centered on New York City was a devastation that affected the United States as Al-Qaeda wanted to instill fear in the mass public, and also send a message simultaneously to their counterparts that they were not to be taken lightly. Since then, it has never been forgotten and was one of the worst tragedies to occur in recent history. In an otherwise positive note, Osama Bin Laden has since been killed and his death has directly caused a morale decrease in the terrorist faction. Terrorism was always in play when it came to the United States, but it only came into the limelight with the 9/11 attacks. The attacks brought numerous repercussions, such as future health issues, problems with economics,†¦show more content†¦Additionally, these women were found to be more prone to give birth prematurely and deliver babies with low birth weights. This would have been caused due to the dangerous pollution that the air had at the time. Since this was becoming a significant problem, the Bush administration ordered the (EPA) Environmental Protection Agency to affirm reassuring statements regarding the air quality in the aftermath of the attacks, citing national security, but they did not determine it was safe enough until June of 2002. People still living in the present are fraught with illnesses that were caused by the 9/11 attacks, and is something that has become part of their own life. Moreover, the New York Stock Exchange on Wall Street has a significant economic influence as it known to be the leading financial center of the world. Following the attacks of 9/11, it was forced to close down due to security reasons, and wasn’t opened again until September 17. The week that it had opened back, many of the market’s stocks such as DJIA had decreased considerably. All of the markets that people had invested in had to be gradually brought up again as business wasn’t in circulation in the afterma th of 9/11. In 2001 revenue, U.S. stocks lost $1.4 trillion in valuation for the week after its initial opening. The U.S government provided $11.2 billion in immediate assistance to the Government of New York City along with $10.5 billion in early

Explain the Succession Strategy at Apple Essay Sample free essay sample

Ques. 1 Please explicate the sequence scheme at Apple. How did the company select the replacement to Jobs? Steve Jobs was more than a concern leader. with vision. passion for design and merchandise excellence. wrapped in a perfectionist personality with astonishing concern understanding. His ability to take Apple comes non merely from his leading qualities. but besides his deep experience in the engineering industry. The issue Apple faced in its sequence scheme is about Jobs’ leading manner and doctrine. many people who work at Apple think that his force of personality is both august and feared in the company. This manner of leading has created a strong sense of executing and excellence at the company – but will besides be difficult to replace. During his long calling. Jobs had developed a long list of doctrines about direction which need to be incorporated into the hereafter. Apple’s Succession Strategy for Jobs: Apple University High-Impact Succession Management ® developed the undermentioned adulthood theoretical account which shows. company evolve their sequence schemes from replacing charts which enables people at all degrees to travel from function to function. Succession merely works good when there is a clear apprehension of the leading traits and competences needed at each degree. and the procedure is sponsored by executives at the top. Point to set up best patterns for sequence planning. including engaging from within. carry oning an hearing period. easing the replacement into a leading function and supplying some degree of sequence revelation to stockholders. In the instance of Apple. the board and Jobs himself were be aftering for sequence for several old ages. Behind the scenes. there has been a undertaking at Apple for several old ages to â€Å"capture the kernel of Steve Jobs direction philosophies† for coevalss in front. Under the rubric of Dean of Apple University. Joel Podolny ( former Dean of Yale Business School ) has been constructing a leading course of study around Jobs behind the scenes. It has non being seen the merchandise of this work. several ex-Apple employees mentioned that this is a really strategic undertaki ng designed to assist Apple go on under Steve’s leading theoretical account even after Steve leaves the company. Most companies look at competence theoretical accounts and engage executive recruiters to measure leading campaigners for sequence. Apple â€Å"thinking different† has taken a page from High-Impact Learning Organization ® playbook. They are capturing the kernel of Apple’s executive public presentation and doctrine in digital signifier for leaders on into the hereafter. The reasonably close Apple University had spent a batch of clip and money capturing the experiences. direction doctrines. proficient accomplishments and rules of Steve Jobs for others to utilize in the hereafter. Harmonizing to Apple. the company founded Apple University in 2008 â€Å"to Teach Apple employees how to believe like Steve Jobs and do determinations he would do. † In many ways it was built to work out the job of â€Å"running Apple after Steve Jobs† – and puting in topographic point the tools and information which helps Apple learn from his corporate 30 old ages of wisdo m. As the in writing above shows. the University is designed around capturing Job’s corporate acquisition and interpreting this into content. plans. and stuffs which Apple employees and leaders can utilize long into the hereafter. Today Apple University is still a kept up secret. it is one of the most advanced and exciting signifiers of sequence direction yet to be seen – Think different about your ain leading and how you can reassign accomplishments and civilization frontward when your leaders leave. How did company choose the replacement to Jobs’ ? â€Å"I knew what I wanted and I realized that Tim and I saw the same things precisely the same manner and we had the same vision† . â€Å"As far as my replacement goes. I strongly recommend that we execute our sequence program and name Tim Cook as CEO of Apple. I have great assurance that Tim and the remainder of the executive direction squad will make a terrific occupation put to deathing the exciting programs we have in topographic point for 2011. † Jobs said in a missive to Apple Board. Publicly. Apple had been preparing Tim Cook for several old ages. Not merely had he already experienced the CEO function. he had been working straight with Jobs on the company’s supply concatenation – so he had a deep apprehension of the internal operations of the company. Cook joined Apple in 1998 as senior frailty president of Operations. Cook worked in operations at Compaq and spent 12 old ages at IBM. At Apple Cook â€Å"was responsible for all of the companyâ€⠄¢s worldwide gross revenues and operations. end-to-end direction of Apple’s supply concatenation. gross revenues activities. and service and support in all markets and states. Cook was besides caput of Apple’s Macintosh division and plays a cardinal function in the continued development of strategic reseller and supplier relationships. guaranting flexibleness in response to an progressively demanding market place. † Cook’s term of office at Apple shed bloated stock lists and whipped the company’s supply concatenation into form. Cook ran daily operations during Jobs’s absence [ in 2009 ] and was praised for his ability to do Apple’s sprawling operations move on clip. He has established himself as the CEO-in-waiting since his stretch pickings over for Mr. Jobs. † Top of Form Bottom of Form Insiders say Cook has already â€Å"been softly running the company for several old ages. Steve is the face of the company and involved with merchandise development but Tim takes all those designs and turns it into a large heap of hard currency for the company. † Cook Aims to Supply Jobs’s ‘Gravitational Force’ at Apple. Besides. Apple’s stockholders express assurance that the company’s freshly anointed main executive. Tim Cook. is the right adult male for the occupation. Mentions: hypertext transfer protocol: //knowledge. Wharton. upenn. edu/article. cfm? articleid=2134 hypertext transfer protocol: //www. bersin. com/blog/post. aspx? id=72a43072-e599-4dd0-9205-d1eacc25f434 hypertext transfer protocol: //www. pcmag. com/article2/0. 2817. 2391818. 00. aspSteve Jobs’ life by ‘Walter Isaacson’ .

Updated PC Industry Essay Example

Updated PC Industry Paper Since the emergence of PCs primarily as desktops in the ass and ass, the industry has seen reduce expansion innovation, in the form of laptops, notebooks, and net books. Growth was increased by lowered prices and expanding technology and the industry roared through the early sass. 2010 saw the arrival of the pad which gained significant ground for tablets which actually have been In the PC market since the ass. In 2011 came another category of laptops called ultra books which were ultra- thin, lightweight, and high-performance. It has yet to be seen how the market will shift again In coming years based on new Innovations as well as substitutes Like marathoner. So just how competitive has the PC industry been globally over the years? The total shipments (in millions) by PC manufactures from 2000 to 2011 have increased greatly. In 2000, we saw total shipments of PCs increase from 128. MM to 352. MM in 2011. That is a 174. 2% growth over that time span. Worldwide PC revenue has increased in that same period from $251 billion in 2000 to $329 billion in 2011. With the PC industry expected to grow as new innovations and products come along, the 201 5 estimate in global revenue for the industry is around $383 billion. On the reface, these numbers look very attractive and appealing to potential competitors. But, Its Important to take In account the costs the industry Incur and how revenue and volume growth have slowed down. The PC Industry Is very price competitive. Firms and manufactures are looking for ways to lower prices and lower costs while increasing volume growth. The industry has a very low average profitability. We will write a custom essay sample on Updated PC Industry specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Updated PC Industry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Updated PC Industry specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer By 2011, the average PC manufactures net profit margin was 5%. For example, in 2009 Hips PC business was the lowest operating business segment in the entire company. Selling at an average price of $1323. 0 per Mac, Apple gained a profit of $370. 55 for every Mac sold. Compare that to the average selling price per PC for HP of $650 with a gained profit of only $52. Even though HP sold 5 times as many PC units as Apple in IQ of 2009, Apples price discipline proved to be superior to that of HP which has led to Apple becoming one of the most valued companies. The PC industry is very competitive and cutthroat. In Just the 21st century alone we have seen the market share leader change four times. Compact led the sass market until HP acquired the company In short time after. HP led the market share In 2002 at 16%. A back and forth fight occurred over the next couple of years between HP and Dell eventually leaving HP as king of the Hill. That is of course until the most recent years have seen ten reels AT Leno. I en essences Dates company NAS a 1 % market snare as AT 2 slightly better than HP. Dell and Acre account for the other two top PC vendors as these four companies combined to make up 53. % of the worldwide shipments in 2011. China became one of the largest and fastest growing PC markets in the world. The fact that Leno has a 35% share in this market can explain its increasing presence in the world market. The Leno market share leadership doesnt come as a surprise when one looks at the statistics for PCs in-use for the main regions of the world. The sass showed North America with a slig ht lead in units of PCs in-use with just fewer than 200 million. That quickly changed in 2008 through 2011 as Asia-Pacific became the outright leader in PC units. Estimations have the Asian Pacific region to use more than 800 million units by 2015. That is more than twice the next leading region. How attractive is the PC industry? Early Years An analysis of the PC industry requires the use of Michael Porters Five Forces model o help understand the profit potential of the PC industry and how firms can position themselves to gain and sustain competitive advantage. The rule of thumb is that that stronger the forces, the lower the industrys profit potential. This makes this industry less attractive. Lets take a look at the PC industrys early years related to the first force, Threat of Entry. Threat of Entry In the early years of the PC Industry, IBM was the dominant force. The threat of entry was low at this time. But, as the combination of Windows SO and the Intel microprocessor became the standard (Winter), the threat of entry increased attracted. Vims system was relatively open and easy for producers to copy. This was seen when the thousands of manufactures built their own PCs. Capital requirements to enter were low because of the standard model. Michael Dell formed Dell in the early ass out of his dorm room. The products were also not differentiated. There were relatively little exits barriers as well. In the early years when a company wasnt profitable, it had no problem dropping out of the market as seen with the thousands of manufactures funneling only to a handful. Finally, no dominate brands or players were established yet. IBM PC like clones controlled most of the market share in the ass. For these reasons there was a moderate threat of entry. The Power of Buyers The power of the buyer in early years was moderate to high. The sass brought more knowledgeable PC consumers including individual and group buyers. One of the main buyers are corporate buyers, or buyers buying for large companies. These consumers were very price sensitive meaning they were usually looking for good deals and the lowest price. These types of buyers plus large businesses, governments, and schools buy computers in large volumes which gave them a lot of rower to Darnel on prices. Selecting costs Ana Drain loyalty to Tells Like Apple were in the early stages of being established. Also direct sale to consumer from manufactures and the white box channel became popular and increased the power or the buyer. The Power of Suppliers Suppliers to the PC industry were either those that made products with many sources or those that made products with few sources. The latter type of suppliers, producers of microprocessors and operating systems, had a high bargaining power. The two chief firms that produced these products were Intel and Microsoft, especially. Intel commanded almost 80% of the PC CPU market share. In the early years, they had a lot to say on setting prices, costs, etc. Even with emerging competitors, Intel has remained the market leader in microprocessors with a recognizable brand, economies of scale, and state of the art technology. Like Intel, Microsoft has dominated the SO market. About 85-90% of all PCs ran on some version of Windows in the late 20th century. Both Intel and Microsofts dominating presence in the early years started with MOM, but quickly shifted to the Winter era of the ass. With thousands of manufactures using these two companies mainly, its easy to see why the bargaining power of these two suppliers is so high. Substitutes were few and their product was important to the input of the buyers product. Threat of Substitutes The threat of substitutes in the PC industry during the early years was relatively low. PCs as desktops were innovative and monumental for their time. There was nothing else quite like it. The demand for the Internet, lower prices for products, and expanding capabilities for PCs all supported the fact that threats of substitutes for he PC industry was low. With this technology and innovation being relatively new, it isnt often that substitutes start being produced in the early years. Its when the market is in the mature stage that substitutes become popular. This is seen with Smartness and other SEC today. Though, the PC industry did adapt to changes by creating new products themselves such as the emergence of laptops. Rivalry Among Competing Firms With almost every industry comes intense and cutthroat competition. Especially in the early years, companies are Jockeying for strategic position and competition advantage. From the thousands of manufactures using the cloned IBM PC emerged a select few firms who went on to be the market leaders that found a winning formula. As we will see later though, that formula may not always be profitable in the long- run. The competition is cutthroat because of the slow growth, lowering of prices, and innovation of products from certain firms. Its the competition of price that especially makes the competition in this industry so intense. PC Analysis In ten Later stages As time went on, the industry seemed to be slowing down a little bit. The decade starting in the early sasss saw a slowing volume growth, which was followed by a slowing revenue growth. As mentioned in the case, the average selling prices (ASP) of the PCs declined by a compound annual rate of 8-10% per year from the early sasss through 2005 (page 5). Most of the companies in the industry had to reduce costs in other places, most of them turning to reduced R funding to combat the tougher times. To move further in the industries age, the ASP for the PC dropped 25% in a 3- year span from 2008-2009. Http:,/. NP. N. R. N. Satanist. Mom/chart/1766/global- PC- mind gusty-continues-downward rd-trend/ This downturn forced companies to start looking outside of the box for new and improved products that would drive revenues up and get consumers once again excited for portable computers. Right around the time of the economic downturn in 2009, lightweight mini notebooks were made. They made a huge first impression, as more than 40 million notebooks sold in 2009(peg. 5). However, these notebooks didnt lead the market for too long, as in 2010 the pad was released and dramatically reduced the sale of the mini notebooks. Threats of Outside Competition During the later stages of the PC industry, the outside competition has decreased dramatically. Many of the smaller companies that were trying to succeed in the early days realized they wouldnt be able to cut it, and that is why now you only have your handful of companies that are still on top of the industry. Leno, Dell, HP, and Acre accounted for over 50% of the shipments in 2011, showing that most of the market space Is already occupied Dye ten Log cogs. Apple only NAS roughly AT ten market shares as a PC manufacturer in 2011, showing how difficult in can be. Threat of Substitutes There are many threats that have popped up when looking in the later stages of the industry. Instead of only having online capabilities on a PC,you can now browse the web on your phone, Pad, or even small gaming systems. Anything can be used to search the web, therefore making for the number of substitutes to rise. If the price of one PC is too high for a consumer, there are multiple ways of which he can accomplish what he needs. Whether you need to take notes for a class or stream a movie, almost any smart device in todays world will have the capabilities. There is definitely a rivalry between the big PC producing firms. In this cutthroat environment, everyone is trying to come out with the magic formula that will increase efficiency, lower costs, and ultimately produce a better product for the consumer. The follow the leader system seems to be in place, as companies routinely copy the past successes and try to make small adjustments to make their product rare and hard to imitate. The Power of The Buyer The buyer continues to have much power when it comes to the PC industry. Consumers know what they want as well as what price they are willing to pay. As reviewed in the substitute part, consumers can find what they need almost nowhere, so in order for a company to be profitable in this industry, it must come out with innovative items at a reasonable price that consumers feel is fair. The competitive advantages that companies create verses others are the reasons as to those companies that succeed rather than fail. Firms Profitability in the PC Industry As seen in exhibit 5 below, the main operating measures seem to be varied between the different companies. Apples gross margins have increased from 21% to 41% during the period between 1997 and 2011. However, Dell and Hips gross margins have decreased during that same time. As apple grows, the other competitors seem to be falling behind. We believe this is because of the innovation that Apple has compared to the rest of the industry. The new ideas partnered with the following of the company allow for a great combination. The PC profits grow with apple because of the brand name along Walt ten complicatedly AT ten PC Witt toner apple evolves Tanat consumers nave. Example, everything that you do on you Apple PC can be synced with you phone. Apples Other Industries MPH Players In 2001, Apple had entered the MPH market by introducing the pod as part of their haft towards a digital hub strategy. The introduction of the pod set Apple on its explosive progression in the growth of the company. The pod separated itself from other MPH players due to its sleek and simple design and large storage. The first pod has the ability to store up to 1 ,OHO songs in your pocket while the competitors products only stored about an hour of music. The next year Apple introduced the second-generation pod which had an increased storage that could hold up to 4,000 songs. Over the next several years, Apple continued to introduce new designs and products to their pod family. By partnering their innovating pod products with their exclusive tunes library and App store they have been apple to control more than 70% of the U. S. MPH market. The market for Amps is a much more attractive market compared to the PC market due to the PCs cutthroat competition. Within the PC market, Apple is in competition with four large competitors which accounted for almost 54% of shipments worldwide. These four PC vendors are Hewlett-Packard, Dell, Leno, and Acre. They all have well-established positions in the market. When Apple entered the MPH market, no competitor had strong hold. Apple was able to preferential themselves with innovative products and strategies. By producing pod accessories, pod was able to sell $1 dollar in add-on products for every $3 dollars spent on an pod. Another feature that helped Apple emerge itself to the top of the MPH market was the compatibility with Windows along with its own ISO software. This compatibility helped launch the tunes Music Store which has over 10 billion songs sold as of 2010; completely changing the way music is purchased. Although the MPH market is not as competitive as the PC market, we see less total gross sales per year as other technology materializes. Smart Phone Along with entering the MPH market, Apple had entered the smart phone market in 2007 by launching the first phone. The industry for mobile phones at the time were dominated by short life cycle products with sophisticated technology that Apple had not experienced. Although the outlook to enter the mobile phone market seemed risky, Apple was able to revolutionize the entire phone market with a differentiated product. Steve Jobs was quoted saying in January of 2007 Every once in a while a revolutionary product comes along that changes everything. Today, were introducing three revolutionary products of this class. The first one is a widespread pod with touch controls. The second is a revolutionary mobile phone. And the third is a breakthrough Internet communications device. These are not three separate devices, this is one device, and we are calling it phone. In over five quarters, the original phone had over 6 million units sold with their exclusive network operator, AT. Apple would continue to develop and introduce new versions of their phone, along with changing agreements with network operators so that the phone could expand its market capacity. Four years after the first phone was launched, the reduce attributed to 44% of Apples total revenue. Parallel to the PC industry, competitors quickly gaunt on to ten revolutionary trends AT smart phones Ana software systems. Manufacturers such as Samsung, LEG, Motorola, and ETC all created their own operating systems and designed their own hardware giving them the opportunity to be considered by consumers. In 2012, the greatest threat to the Apple in the smart phone industry was developed by Google. This threat has become known as the Android platform, a platform that is open and free for other manufacturers to use. This gave Apple competitors a chance to compete with the Apples differentiated App Store. Manufacturers, such as ETC and Samsung, were able to develop phones that were very competitive and in some aspects superior to the phone all while using the Android platform. Http://commons. Wakefield. Org/wick/File:World-Wide-Smartened-Market-Share. Pang Above is a chart showing the trends of operating system market share worldwide from 2007 to 2011. In 2007, we can see the ISO market share start to increase as the phone was introduced. Recent trends have shown that the Android operating system is increasing in market share each year since Google has developed the platform. In Quarter 3 of 2011, the android platform has climbed to roughly 53% of the market. This is due the capabilities of open and free platform able to collaborate with smart phones manufactured by Apples competitors. Over the years, the intense competition within the smartened industry has led to lawsuits based on design and intellectual properties. Steve Jobs has become one of the most aggressive Coos in terms of legal action. He is quoted in saying l will spend every penny of Apples $40 billion in the bank, to right this wrong. Im going to destroy Android, because its a stolen product. Im willing to go to thermonuclear war on this. They are scared to death, because they know they are guilty. Tablet I en Tanta revolutionary product Apple Ana producer silence ten Macintosh Is Known as the pad. The pad was another Apple innovation that had uncertainty in market demand before its launch. In 2010, when apple released the pad, an entirely trivial market had emerged into one of the most demanded technological markets. The market is referred to as the tablet market, which was led by the pad. In the first week on the market, the pad sold over 450,000 units. In February 2012, over 55 million nits of pads had been sold. Similar to the PC industry, Apple had an early Jump on competitors, but it was only a matter of time before competitors would catch on. In late 2010, Android based tablets had been introduced to the market to compete with Apples pad. Three main threats to the pad are manufacturers using Googles Android, Amazon using an open Android version, and Microsoft-based tablets. Amazons tablet had been able to grab 14% of the market by quarter 4 in 2011. Competition in the tablet market in 2012, is similar to the cutthroat competition seen in the smartened and PC industries.

The Eradication of Smallpox essays

The Eradication of Smallpox essays Although it has taken a huge collective effort by many individuals and nations, the eradication of smallpox was mainly brought about by the pioneering efforts of Edward Jenner. Smallpox had been killing humans for over 3000 years and has been referred to as one of the greatest all-time scourges to mankind. One of the first known efforts to fight this horrible disease by immunization was in China where powdered scabs of smallpox pustules were blown into the nostrils of healthy persons through a tube. This method of immunization was called variolation and involved taking samples (which consisted of vesicles, pus from pustules, or ground scabs) from patients who had a mild form of the disease and inoculating the material into other persons through the nose or skin (Hopkins 24). The practice of variolation came to Europe from the East at the beginning of the 18th century by Lady Mary Wortley Montague, and English aristocrat. Lady Montagues husband was an ambassador to the East for England and while in Istanbul, she observed their method of variolation. She was so impressed by the Turks method that she had her 5-year-old son inoculated then her 4-year-old daughter when they returned to England. This was the first variolation performed in England (Hopkins 38). This method of variolation slowly gained general acceptance throughout all of Europe, although it had varying degrees of success. A portion of patients treated with variolation became ill with smallpox and subsequently died from the infection or started a new epidemic, and thus there was a fear that the inoculation did not provide immunity, but just provided infection. A few innovative scientists saw that there must be a better way to provide immunity, and Edward Jenner saw this better way in a correlation between cowpox and smallpox that eventually dubbed him the father of the smallpox va ...

Research plan on improving instructional strategies Essay

Research plan on improving instructional strategies - Essay Example † The modern classroom is primarily characterized by the availability of computers and ICT. Research studies (Henessy, Ruthven & Brindley, 2005 and John, 2005 as cited in Tabler, 2007) have shown how ICT have modified classroom practices and supported classroom tasks. The advantages of ICT are also revolutionary, but it has also its limitations, and as a very recent tool for teaching, I consider it significant to study how its potential can be maximized. It is within this context that I propose to carry out this action research project. Specifically, I plan examine its utility in teaching Geography among 4th grade students since professionally, this is where I am situated. In the succeeding section I will be proposing an action research plan following the format by McNiff & Whitehead (2006). II. The Action Research Plan My Context I am currently a 4th grade teacher in Geography and have been offered the opportunity of becoming the Head of Department in the next academic year. O ne of the challenges given to me is developing a comprehensive plan of integrating ICT into the curriculum and pedagogy. It requires me to examine strategies and eventually, propose best practices. Why am I concerned? In the past five years, the school has invested in modernization. However, it has been observed that very little has changed in terms of the use of ICT in the classroom. Teachers face challenges in using ICT in the classroom, not only because of its novelty, but also because it has implications on the teaching and learning philosophies adopted by teachers. â€Å"The sheer presence of technology itself in the classroom can be very daunting, cluttering up both physical space with cables and connections, and mental space in planning for access to equipment and familiarization with skills and techniques† (Loveless, 2002,p.20). While ICT in the classroom has been acclaimed as generally good, there are still challenges that should be addressed for it to be an effectiv e tool. What experiences can I describe to show the situation as it is? Since this will be a pilot project, I will gather data from my own class where I will implement ICT in teaching through observations. I will also talk to students and ask them to evaluate the classes that we had. For a period of two weeks, I will keep reflection notes of what is taking place during my classes. What can I do? An initial evaluation will be asked from the students where points for improvement will be taken. A focused group discussion among teachers from my department will also be implemented to have gather ideas from their experiences of implementing ICT in the classrooms. Other teachers will also be invited to observe my classes, and validate the findings I have initially recorded. Students will also be asked to evaluate the whole program so I can get feedback from their perspective. What will I do? I will write a report for presentation to the principal, vice-principal and other teachers in my de partment. The report will contain the observations I have conducted, evaluation from students, discussions with other teachers, and the observations of other teachers in my class. I will give them a background of the current situation, and explain my interest in this particular area. I will propose that as part of my coursework in the post-graduate school I am attending, I will carry out this research project. How will I gather data to show the situa

Report on recruitment and selection processes Assignment - 1

Report on recruitment and selection processes - Assignment Example A company then selects successful applicants from any of these recruitments methods and takes them through interviews. The company often updates recruitment and selection processes in order to set acceptable standards that meet the demands of the company (Hobson, et al 2010). Like any other company or organisation, Healthcare United has had it recruitment, and selection processes changed. Its recruitment and selection process of 2000 is not the same to that of 2010. There are certain changes introduced to the selection of 2010. Some of the changes affected the timeframes, personnel involved, documentation, training, and monitoring and evaluation. There are some news features that the organisation introduced to its selection and recruitment process of 2010, which were not in that of 2000. Again, there are those, which it exempted on its recruitment and selection process of 2010 and were in that of 2000. In the recruitment and selection policy of 2000, the manager had two to three days to analyse the necessity of a vacant position and then notify and request the Human Resource department for a from allowing recruitment. After receiving the form that permits recruitment, a manager had to complete his/her section of the form in the same period of two to three days. After that, the senior management validates the form permitting recruitment, and then the HR department uses three to five days to fill the description of the position. After description, advertisement of the position took 20 to 25 days whereby internal advertisement used the first ten days and while external advertisement took the remaining ten days. Short-listing of applicants took a minimum of five days while preparation of interviews took one to two days just as the interviews, which the organisation also allocated one to two days. Reference checks consumed a period of one to two days. Job offer took a time of one to fi ve days while feedback to failed applicants

Condensed Study Guide Essay Example for Free

Condensed Study Guide Essay Active: does not require energy, area of lower concentration to higher concentration 34) Two identical osmometers are prepared. One is placed into distilled water, while the other is placed into a solution of 10% sugar. Assuming that the membrane is only permeable to water, what conclusions could be made if: a) the osmometer placed in distilled water rapidly fills up with water – hypertonic b) the osmometer placed in 10% SUGAR slowly loses water – hypotonic 35) using the terms hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic, explain how you could revive a wilted flower. Place a wilted flower in a glass of pure water. The flower cells would be hypertonic in relation to pure water, so water could move by osmosis into the wilted flower to â€Å"pump it up†. Water always moves to the area that is hypertonic. 36) In what kind of solution must blood be, if red blood cells are to remain healthy? Isotonic – because too much or too little solute would cause cells to burst or swell. 37) Describe two ways in which phagocytosis differs from pinocytosis. Phagocytosis:brings large particles into cell inside a vesicle . occurs in certain cells (eg. White blood cells) Pinocytosis: brings water and small particles into cell inside a vesicle. Occurs in all cell types.

Book Review of Rebellion in the Backlands by Euclides da Cunha :: essays research papers

Book Review of "Rebellion in the Backlands" By Euclides da Cunha Rebellion in the Backlands is set in the Northeastern backlands of Brazil. It is basically, a historical narration of a period of time (1896 and 1897) where the government of the Republic of Brazil decided to wage war against a religious group of people of about 5000. This group of people, lead by a charismatic religious leader named Antonio Conselheiro, did not accept the Brazilian government as their legitimate government and was therefore deemed a threat to the rest of the country. Some of the members of this rebellion were in fact very aggressive and uncontrollable. Eventually the Brazilian government led an attack on these people launching a battle that lasted almost a year and took the lives of hundreds of Brazilian army soldiers, and thousands of native Brazilian rebels. The poor, native people of the backlands proved impressive opposition and in fact defeated every single force sent against them and even killed the commander of the first expedition. Although, in the end the g overnments military did prevail over the rural people, and they were all eventually killed. Still, the interesting thing about his book is that it seems to demonstrate that there is more to the story than just a battle lost. When I began this assignment, I set out to read each and every page of this book. Unfortunately, it is not an easy book to read and due to time limitations as well as a curiosity to â€Å"peek ahead† to further chapters, I was subsequently constrained to skim the entire book. From what I did gather this is a very well written book, incredibly detailed, by someone who is clearly well educated in Latin American History as well as military tactics and it seems as though, geology and geography as well. The amount of imagery and detail that was put into the chapter on land alone was enough to fill it’s own book. â€Å"†¦an unlooked-for picture awaits the traveler †¦ all of which confers upon the landscape in a fuse in a distant and amazing blend of color.† The physical descriptions of the land were beautiful and vivid, but what really interested me was the chapter entitled â€Å"Man†. Being a psychology major, this was by far my preferred chapter. Here Da Cunha really gets into the meat of the story he is telling about Brazilian history.

SMIO Group Element Strategic Management In Organisations

ALL Analyses and critically evaluate the environments in which strategic management and change takes place and assessing the appropriate organizational responses (analysis, enquiry). 4 Explore and evaluate critically the contemporary literature on strategic leadership, management and decision-making and how it relates to successful organization progression in a global environment (knowledge and understanding).ALL Understand, critically evaluate and apply contemporary ideas on strategic aspects of decision-making in effective risk assessment during organizational change (integration, knowledge and understanding). Assignment set by: Peter J Consider Assignment verified by: Scrutiny Panel and External Examiner Assignment Instructions Your team must be submit by the due dates as stated below and will be vomited electronically via Turning and for which you will be issued instructions. The only circumstance in which assignments can be submitted late is if an extenuating circumstances form is submitted at the same time.This group element is weighted at 15% of the overall marks available on this module, and which are allocated as follows: 1) Group work – Country Manager Initial Strategic Audit and Internationalization plan† Submit by 9th February 201 5 by no later than 17. 00 pm (see page 7) 2) Group work – Country Manager Final â€Å"End-Game† Report: Submit by 4th May 2015 by no later than 17. 00 pm (see page 9) Detailed briefing and instructions are given herein. Strategic Management In Organizations Assignment Brief – Country Manager ALLELES Business Game Simulation.The Country Manager Simulation (or business game), will give you and your team a rewarding and engaging opportunity to actually manage the international expansion activities for a multinational company. During lectures, tutorials and workshops will be exploring the complex arena of Strategic Management and International Strategic management from various perspectives rea l world perspectives. You will note from your module handbook that we will be devoting part of the aerogramme to learning using the Country Manager (ALLELES) simulation.The output from this will form a part of your final assessment on this module. The ALL SMILE case will also be used as an assessment vehicle for you to demonstrate your learning on the theory and concepts which we will be exploring in the lectures, tutorials and in your self-managed readings. Each team will develop and implement strategies for entering into and expanding throughout the Latin American region for a consumer packaged goods firm that manufactures and markets toothpaste.You will determine which countries to enter, when to enter them, where to reduce your products, which customers to target, the products you want to launch and at what prices, the channels through which you want to sell, and manage various marketing communications activities. The simulation will enable you to â€Å"learn by doing†. Y our team will develop a marketing plan. Then you will manage the business by implementing your plan (making decisions) over a simulated eight-year period. Finally, you will complete an end-of-game report.You will as the course progresses be drawing on a range of concepts and theories to help your knowledge and understanding and other learning outcomes and which will inform the analysis, evaluation, development and implementation of international strategies. It is important that you reflect upon and draw on these and previous concepts and underpinning theories to inform your analysis, evaluations and decisions. You will be using the Country Manager simulation to evaluate and develop new international market entry and development opportunities.The simulation is based upon a wealth of country data (political, economic, social etc) and the company for which you are working is up against established competition. You will be developing market entry strategies, and managing regional expans ion in Latin America. You will learn how to manage these activities to create customer value internationally. The value creation process involves understanding customers, collaborators, competitors, and a company's own core competencies, and using this knowledge for competitive advantage and growth.The Country Manager simulation will entail initially establishing a new international market for entry as the home market has become saturated. Following a detailed comparative country analysis your team will then go onto establish a brand presence in that market. You will need to make decisions on he level of FDA to make and to go on to attempt to maximize the companies strategic and financial position in that country. You will then be expanding into additional foreign markets in Latin America.It is very important to read and become thoroughly familiar with the Country Manager ALL SMILE case study on. This case will be used not only dynamically in the simulation to develop your analysis and decision making skills, but will also be used to integrate with and apply key concepts/theories On ISM and overall help to make the learning process closer to reality than desk based case work Your team needs to develop a Strategic Marketing Plan – the roadman for managing your entry, growth, and expansion into Latin America.Before working on your Marketing Plan, read the entire Country Manager users manual. Your plan will cover most of these topics. In order to do so, you will need to use the various reports (environment, competition, internal) to analyze the current situation and forecast how it will (or how you want it to) change. The goal is to determine what strategy you want to set and how to implement it (I. E. , what decisions you will need to make) in order to maximize your nutrition to corporate headquarters.Because you report to both the Toothpaste Category Management and the Latin America organizations (see Figure 1 , page 8 of the user manual), you must work toward maximizing your country cumulative contribution as well as the overall cumulative contribution for the region. Your instructions are to do a sequential entry (waterfall) strategy into Latin America – that is, you are not to enter more than one country at a time. For example, you might enter one country in period 1 , a second country in period 3, a third country in period 5.You should enter at least three countries. See the next page for more specific entry and expansion instructions. Initial Strategic Plan Entry & Expansion Instructions Firstly, enter the Latin American market: Enter your first country. Begin by launching no more than 4 SKU. Add more SKU in subsequent periods as you believe the market bears and consistent with your strategy. You should advance two-three periods. Continue to play in the initial market, expanding into a multi-segment SST taste.Secondly, begin regional expansion: After establishing your business in the initial market, enter into one addit ional market in Period 3 or 4. Begin by launching 4 or more SKU in the second market. Continue to play in the initial and second markets, expanding your multi segment strategy. Thirdly, continue regional expansion: Continue to play in the initial market, and 2nd market, now expanding into a third market in Period 5 or 6.Follow the same procedure as above for the third market Complete all nine periods In the event that you have made a major blunder (e. G. , entering an MSP of 10. 0 instead of 1. 0), you must contact your tutor to replay a period. You must complete your final set of decisions within the specified schedule dates. Note: Be sure to keep a log of your decisions and results each period. After each period, save/print the Performance Summary (Consolidated – Internal). Con. Assessment part 1 .Initial Strategic Audit and Internationalization Plan. Group Work Submission (7. 5 % of available marks) – (state team number and members names on the assignment) This elem ent will be submitted as a Poster (instructions provided and a blank Poster Template is available on Blackboard) via Turning by no later than 5. 00 PM on Monday 9th February 2014. Before working on your Strategic Plan, read the entire Country Manager case and manual. Then focus on Section 4 of the user manual. Your plan will cover most of these topics covered here.In order to do so, you will need to use the various reports (environment, competition, internal) to analyses the current situation and forecast how it will (or how you want it to) change. Your team's primary goal is maximizing your overall cumulative contribution for the region. Note however you will note be assessed on the level of cumulative contribution you have achieved. Your secondary goals are maximizing your market share and brand equity in each country that you example, you might enter one country in period 2, a second country in period , a third country),' in period 5.You should enter at least two countries. Your performance will be evaluated as follows: Country and regional performance relative to other teams on the following measures: o Cumulative net contribution o Anal period net contribution o Market share o Brand equity Your Plan should not exceed two AH poster sized sheets , using the given poster Template (adapt this as required, by adding â€Å"sub pages† and do include a full Harvard Reference to all sources of literature and case evidence – including the Country' Manager case and any further research undertaken by your team.Aim to give a good visual impact for your poster by using applied models etc. You may add as supporting exhibits as you like to the poster. All exhibits must be referred to in your text. Your plan may be entirely or partially in outline form. Organism your Marketing plan as follows. 1. Make sure you include on the poster group members' names 2. Executive Summary – one page description of your overall strategy (see items 3 to 7 below). 3. Si tuation analysis (opportunities and threats from a SWAT). 4 Vision, Mission and Key Strategic Objectives. 5.Market entry strategies (the sequence and timing of countries you will enter). 6. Manufacturing location and sourcing (including any changes you plan to make and when). 7. Target marketing strategy (for each country you plan to enter). Each target market should represent a combination of demographics and benefit (e. G. , older & healthy; see cross-section under â€Å"Brands Purchased† reports). 8. Strategic Positioning and marketing mix strategies (target specific UP strategies for each country you plan to enter). 9. Regional standardization (any manufacturing and marketing resources you plan to share across markets). 0. Market share objectives (end-of-game racket shares for each country you plan to enter). 11. Appendix containing all referenced Exhibits and a List of references to Harvard Standard. You plan will be submitted on-line via Turning for which you will be gi ven specific instructions and will be submitted in the form of a poster and for which a blank template is included on the modules Blackboard site. This Poster template Can be adapted but must not be longer than two AH sized pages and with a minimal font size of Arial 24 Additional guidelines will be made available on Black Board on preparing your group poster.Assessment part 2 (7. 5 of available marks). Country Manager Final Report Group Work Submission – (state team number and members names on the assignment) This element must be submitted via Turning no later than 5. 00 PM on 4th May 2015. Each team is to submit a final â€Å"end game† group report that describes your team's performance and what you learned about being a country manager for a company expanding internationally. Your final â€Å"End-Game† group report is not to exceed five (5) pages of text (double-spaced, 1†³ margins, 11 or 12- point Times New Roman or Arial font).Your Appendix may include supporting exhibits or reports which must be referred to in your text. Organism your teams Final Report as follows: 1. Cover sheet with team members' names, countries entered, and date. 2. Reflections upon your team's successes and failures in implementing your strategy and objectives (as described in your Group Strategic Audit and Plan poster). (use available data /Metrics and relate to appropriate theory) 3. Appendix. Your Appendix should include (but is not limited to) country and regional performance.Include the following Period 6 (end of game) information: o Cumulative net contribution for the region o Net contribution for each country o Market share for each country Brand equity for each country Your teams performance will not be evaluated or graded in terms of final marks but your report should include: Country and regional performance relative to other teams: o Regional cumulative and final period net contributions and brand equity. Country and regional absolute financial p erformance: o Regional cumulative and final period net contributions.Country market shares and brand equities. Assessment Criteria Descriptor & percentages 0-39% Pass (3rd) 50-59% Pass (2;ii) 60-69% pass (2;I) Demonstrate a systematic understanding and critical evaluation of the key aspects of the strategic management process (LOL – knowledge & understanding) Demonstrates very limited knowledge & understanding. No use of relevant theory from module lectures or elsewhere. Demonstrates limited knowledge & understanding. Some evidence of relevant theory. Occasional errors in understanding. Demonstrates some knowledge & understanding.More than 1 or 2 theories introduced. But not extensively & coherently applied to the case(s). Limited critical evaluation. Demonstrates good knowledge & understanding. Uses a number of relevant theories, demonstrating evidence f wider reading and understanding beyond module lectures. Some evidence Of critical evaluation. Demonstrates very good knowl edge & understanding. Confidently introduces a number of relevant theories from the lecture notes & wider reading. Critically evaluate key aspects of strategic management process.Demonstrate the ability to compare different theories and perspectives of strategic management and use and appraise them appropriately (ALL – learning, analysis) Overwhelmingly descriptive content with little or no application of theory from lecture notes. Mainly descriptive content, but with some limited attempt o apply theory to case(s). Some descriptive content & arguments may not be fully developed. More in-depth analysis is evident. Answer is supported by range of well-selected theories. Evidence of extensive analysis. Applies range of relevant theories in a coherent and convincing way to the case(s).Critically evaluate theories and concepts of strategic management. Analyses and apply appropriate problem solving techniques plus knowledge learned to solving complex business problems (ALL – analysis, application, problem solving and reflection) Demonstrates very limited or no critical reasoning to evaluate theories. No evaluation of strategic options provided. No evidence Of the ability to solve complex strategic problems. Demonstrates very limited or no reflection on learning. Demonstrates limited ability to evaluate theories and concepts of strategic management.Provides a limited evaluation of strategic options. Limited evidence of the ability to solve complex strategic problems. Demonstrates limited ability to reflect on own learning. Demonstrates some ability to evaluate theories and concepts of strategic management. Provides evaluation of strategic options but analysis is not convenience. Provides evidence of the ability to solve complex strategic problems but with some limitation. Demonstrates some ability to reflect on own learning. Demonstrates good ability to evaluate theories and concepts. Good evaluation of strategic options with supportive evidence. Revise s good evidence of the ability to solve complex strategic problems. Critically evaluate options & demonstrates the ability to reflect on own learning but with some limitation. Demonstrates very good ability to evaluate theories and concepts. Confidently evaluate different strategic options with supportive evidence and critically evaluate options. Provides good evidence of the ability to solve complex strategic problems. Good demonstration of the ability to reflect on own learning. Demonstrate the ability to communicate complex issues (L 04 – communication) No logical structure. Many errors of spelling, grammar etc.Work incorrectly referenced Some errors in structure. Language basically sound. Some incorrect referencing. Structure & language satisfactory. Work referenced, perhaps with some errors. Well structured. Effective use Of appropriate language. Good referencing. Compelling & logical structure. Very effective use of language. Referencing excellent. Grammar and reference s – structure, grammar, selection & presentation of sources is accurate & appropriate References absent or drawn from inappropriate sources e. G. Wisped. A few references used, mainly from lecture notes with little evidence feeder reading.Some references used, some from lecture notes but with some evidence of additional reading/research. Broader range of references used, from lecture notes but also with more extensive evidence of wider reading/ research. Wide range of reference used, from lecture notes but also with extensive evidence of wider reading/research. Academic Misconduct The Business School takes any cases of academic misconduct, including plagiarism very seriously. The penalties are severe and can in some cases result in a student not being allowed to continue their studies.The policy on Academic misconduct can be found at: http://www. Staffs. AC. UK/assets/ academic_misconduct_tacit-26770. PDF Please note all assignments are processed via Turning (plagiarism detec tion software) Non Submissions If you fail to submit any assessment for a module an N will be recorded (non- submission) (fail due to non-submission) for that module and you will not have a guaranteed re-sit entitlement. Any further attempt entitlement will be at the discretion of the Award Board. Assignments must be submitted by the due date.The only circumstance in which assignments can be submitted late is if an extenuating circumstances claim is made. In these circumstances work may be submitted up to 5 working days late only (this is not automatic). If the extenuating circumstances are upheld, the assignment will be graded as usual. If the claim is rejected and the work is of a pass grade a maximum of a 40% (R) for undergraduate and 50% (R) for postgraduate will be awarded. If your work is submitted after the 5 working days a O will be awarded. Maximum Word Length: State the number of words used on the assignment front sheet.You may include diagrams, figures etc. Without word p enalty. A sliding scale of penalties for excess length will be imposed according to the amount by which the limit has been exceeded. 1-10% excess 1 1-20% excess 21-30% excess 31 excess no penalty reduction in the mark 20% reduction in the mark the work will be capped at a pass N.B.. None of the above penalties will be used to change your mark which is above the pass mark, to one that is below the pass mark. Therefore the maximum penalty for exceeding the word limit will be a reduction to a pass grade.

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